/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.apache.flink.runtime.metrics;

import org.apache.flink.metrics.HistogramStatistics;

import org.apache.commons.math3.exception.MathIllegalArgumentException;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.descriptive.DescriptiveStatistics;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.descriptive.UnivariateStatistic;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.descriptive.moment.SecondMoment;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.descriptive.moment.StandardDeviation;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.descriptive.rank.Percentile;
import org.apache.commons.math3.stat.ranking.NaNStrategy;

import java.util.Arrays;

/**
 * DescriptiveStatistics histogram statistics implementation returned by {@link DescriptiveStatisticsHistogram}.
 *
 * <p>The statistics takes a point-in-time snapshot of a {@link DescriptiveStatistics} instance and
 * allows optimised metrics retrieval from this.
 */
public class DescriptiveStatisticsHistogramStatistics extends HistogramStatistics {
	private final CommonMetricsSnapshot statisticsSummary = new CommonMetricsSnapshot();

	public DescriptiveStatisticsHistogramStatistics(
			DescriptiveStatisticsHistogram.CircularDoubleArray histogramValues) {
		statisticsSummary.evaluate(histogramValues.toUnsortedArray());
	}

	@Override
	public double getQuantile(double quantile) {
		return statisticsSummary.getPercentile(quantile * 100);
	}

	@Override
	public long[] getValues() {
		return Arrays.stream(statisticsSummary.getValues()).mapToLong(i -> (long) i).toArray();
	}

	@Override
	public int size() {
		return (int) statisticsSummary.getCount();
	}

	@Override
	public double getMean() {
		return statisticsSummary.getMean();
	}

	@Override
	public double getStdDev() {
		return statisticsSummary.getStandardDeviation();
	}

	@Override
	public long getMax() {
		return (long) statisticsSummary.getMax();
	}

	@Override
	public long getMin() {
		return (long) statisticsSummary.getMin();
	}

	/**
	 * Function to extract several commonly used metrics in an optimised way, i.e. with as few runs
	 * over the data / calculations as possible.
	 *
	 * <p>Note that calls to {@link #evaluate(double[])} or {@link #evaluate(double[], int, int)}
	 * will not return a value but instead populate this class so that further values can be
	 * retrieved from it.
	 */
	private static class CommonMetricsSnapshot implements UnivariateStatistic {
		private long count = 0;
		private double min = Double.NaN;
		private double max = Double.NaN;
		private double mean = Double.NaN;
		private double stddev = Double.NaN;
		private Percentile percentilesImpl = new Percentile().withNaNStrategy(NaNStrategy.FIXED);

		@Override
		public double evaluate(final double[] values) throws MathIllegalArgumentException {
			return evaluate(values, 0, values.length);
		}

		@Override
		public double evaluate(double[] values, int begin, int length)
				throws MathIllegalArgumentException {
			this.count = length;
			percentilesImpl.setData(values, begin, length);

			SimpleStats secondMoment = new SimpleStats();
			secondMoment.evaluate(values, begin, length);
			this.mean = secondMoment.getMean();
			this.min = secondMoment.getMin();
			this.max = secondMoment.getMax();

			this.stddev = new StandardDeviation(secondMoment).getResult();

			return Double.NaN;
		}

		@Override
		public CommonMetricsSnapshot copy() {
			CommonMetricsSnapshot result = new CommonMetricsSnapshot();
			result.count = count;
			result.min = min;
			result.max = max;
			result.mean = mean;
			result.stddev = stddev;
			result.percentilesImpl = percentilesImpl.copy();
			return result;
		}

		long getCount() {
			return count;
		}

		double getMin() {
			return min;
		}

		double getMax() {
			return max;
		}

		double getMean() {
			return mean;
		}

		double getStandardDeviation() {
			return stddev;
		}

		double getPercentile(double p) {
			return percentilesImpl.evaluate(p);
		}

		double[] getValues() {
			return percentilesImpl.getData();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Calculates min, max, mean (first moment), as well as the second moment in one go over
	 * the value array.
	 */
	private static class SimpleStats extends SecondMoment {
		private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

		private double min = Double.NaN;
		private double max = Double.NaN;

		@Override
		public void increment(double d) {
			if (d < min || Double.isNaN(min)) {
				min = d;
			}
			if (d > max || Double.isNaN(max)) {
				max = d;
			}
			super.increment(d);
		}

		@Override
		public SecondMoment copy() {
			SimpleStats result = new SimpleStats();
			SecondMoment.copy(this, result);
			result.min = min;
			result.max = max;
			return result;
		}

		public double getMin() {
			return min;
		}

		public double getMax() {
			return max;
		}

		public double getMean() {
			return m1;
		}
	}
}
